сряда, 14 април 2010 г.

Неметрична корелация Маркетинг

Analyze -> Descriptive statistics -> Crosstabs -> Statistics
In a negative correlation, as the values of one of the variables increase, the values of the second variable decrease.
Изследване на връзки между номинално измерени променливи
Хи-квадрат тест за съответствие – определя дали честотите на дадена наблюдавана категориална променлива отговарят на определено очаквано разпределение.
1. Занятие и притежание на собствен автомобил ( с условие q1=1)
2. Намерение за покупка и материално положение.
3. Намерение за покупка и занятие.
4. Образование и занятие.
5. Пол и образование.
Равнище на значимост е 0,000 означава, че нулевата хипотеза за липса на връзка между променливите се отхвърля, стойността на коефициентите показва доколко силна е връзката.

V коефициент на Крамър – мярка за връзка между две номинални променливи, основаваща се върху Хи-квадрат, стойността му варира в интервала от 0 до 1, където 0 изразява липсата на каквато и да било връзка, а 1 – силна връзка.

Фи-коефициент – основан върху хи-квадрат, за таблици с размерност 2х2 фи-коефициентът е равен на корелационния коефициент на Пиърсън и приема стойности от -1 до +1, за таблици с по-голяма размерност може да надхвърля по абсолютна стойност 1.В общия случай, при условие че коя да е от двете променливи има повече от две категории, се препоръчва да се гледа по-скоро равнището на значимост, а не коефициента.

Коефициент на контингенцията С – измерва връзката между номинално измерени променливи, основан на хи-квадрат. Коефициентът на контингенцията приема стойности от 0 до 1, без 1, има две слабости – никога не е в състояние да приеме стойност 1 и величината му зависи от размерноста на таблицата

Друг подход за изследване на корелацията между две променливи се гради върху идеята да се установи доколко честотата на едната променлива може да бъде предсказана от честотата на другата променлива., представители на този подход са ламбда коефициентът и коефициентът на несигурността.

Ламбда коефициент – мярка за връзка между две номинално измерени променливи, който показва пропорционалното свеждане в грешката, когато стойностите на независимата променлива се използват за предсказване стойностите на зависимата. При стойност 1 независимата променлива изцяло предсказва зависимата, стойност 0 означава, че независимата променлива не е от никаква полза за предсказване на зависимата.

Коефициент на несигурността – основава се на идеята за ентропията – (величина, характеризираща състоянието на една термодинамична система, т.е. изразяването на броя на възможните конфигурации или подреждания на градивните частици на системата. Ентропията е критерий за това колко близко до термодинамично равновесие е дадена система. Тя е по-голяма, когато хаосът, а следователно и неговата вероятност, са по-големи) – колкото повече стойността му клони към 1, толкова повече информация за предсказване на зависимата променлива е налице и колкото повече клони към 0, толкова повече е ненужна независимата променлива, защото информацията която предоставя за предсказването на зависимата е нищожна.

Изследване на връзки между ординално измерени променливи

Analyze-Correlate-Bivariate – Kendal-Spearman

Ординално измерени са онези променливи, чиито стойности са подредени, но не е задължително да бъдат смислени като числа

Коефициент на Кендал – приема стойности от -1 до +1, като крайните стойности могат да бъдат достигнати само при квадратни таблици, знакът на коефициентът показва посоката на корелацията, а абсолютната й величина – силата.

Коефициент ро на Спирман – едно от най-често използваните средства за измерване на корелацията между две ординално измерени променливи. По отношение на всички изследвани случаи, стойностите на променливите се подреждат от най-ниската до най-високата и после се прилага коефициентаът на Пиърсън по отношение на така получените рангове.
1. Възраст и ползване на интернет.
2. Ползване на интернет и образование.
3. Образование и материално положение.
4. Възраст и доход.
5. Чета книги/ходя на театър.
6. Отделям твърде много време за работа/Отделям време за хобита.
7. Прекарвам времето си със семейство/Посещавам нощни барове дискотеки.
Метрична корелация

Отнася се до променливи, които са измерени в силните скали, при тях числата имат същинско количествено съдържание

Проста линейна корелация

Analyze -> Correlate -> Bivariate->

За изчисляването на проста линейна корелация между две променливи се използва корелационният коефициент r на Пиърсън, примащ стойности от -1 до +1, като граничните стойности показват съвършено отрицателна или съвършено положителна връзка между променливите.
1. Доход и брой на притежаваните автомобили.
2. Доход и брой на лицата в домакинството.
3. Възраст и доход.

Маркетинг

Клъстърният анализ е група от статистически техники, предназначени за групиране на множество обекти едновременно по няколко или повече критерия в относително хомогенни малко на брой категории, наречени клъстъри.  Обектите във всеки клъстър са подобни помежду си и различни от тези в другите клъстъри.


В качеството на обекти при клъстърния анализ могат да встъпват както случаи, така и променливи.  В по-общото му приложение като обекти се използват предимно случаите.  Като знаем, те могат да бъдат индивидуални или групови потребители (например домакинствата); различни търговски или индустриални фирми; училища или болнични заведения и т.н.  Клъстърният анализ обаче има смисъл главно тогава, когато обектите са множество на брой и в желанието си да ги обхванем и разберем ние се стремим да ги класифицираме в някакви хомогенни категории.


В сегментационните изследвания, които са основният обект на клъстърния анализ в маркетинговите проучвания, се използват множество критерии за класификация.  Всички сегметационни променливи например могат успешно да бъдат използвани за тази цел.  Колкото повече променливи се използват в рамките на една класификационна процедура, толкова по-богати като съдържание клъстъри могат да бъдат получени., но същевременно и толкова по-трудно тълкуваме е „физиономията" на клъстърите.


Други приложени на клъстърния анализ извън задачите по сегментирането
Разбиране на покупателското поведение
Идентифициране на нови продуктови възможности

Определяне на класификационните критерии
Избиране на мярката за дистанция
Избиране на клъстърен метод
Определяне броя на клъстърите
Тълкуване съдържанието на клъстърите
Оценяване валидността на клъстърите
Профилиране на клъстърите


Определянето на класификационните критерии е задача, която трябва да се решава в строго съответствие с изследователските проблеми и цели.  Зад избора на една или друга променлива в качеството J на класификационна обикновено стоят и някакви теория, хипотеза, опит от предходни изследвания или просто изследователска интуиция.


За да групираме изследваните обекти, в случая фирмите – потребители на компютри марка Х, в еднородния клъстър, е нужно да определим мерките, които ще използваме за измерване на подобието между тях.  Най-често използван подход за решаване на тази задача е прилагането на някаква мярка за отдалеченост (дистанция) между два обекта.  Алтернативният подход е този на мерките за близост.


Нейерархични методи на клъстъризация
Нейерархичните методи на клъстъризация, често наричани клъстъризация на К-средните, включват три основни процедури.
Последователно прескачане
Паралелно прескачане
За разлика от двете посочени процедури тази на оптималното разпределение позволява прескачането на едни обект в различни клъстъри с цел удовлетворяване някакъв критерий за оптимизация (например средното вътрешноклъстърно разстояние за даден брой клъстъри).

неделя, 11 април 2010 г.

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сряда, 7 април 2010 г.

SYS Admin Profile

  • Make sure to save all your MP3 files on your network drive. No sense in wasting valuable space on your local drive! Plus, Sysadmin loves browsing through 100+ GB of music files while he backs up the servers.
  • Play with all the wires you can find. If you can't find enough, open something up to expose them. After you have finished, and nothing works anymore, put it all back together and call Sysadmin. Deny that you touched anything and that it was working perfectly only five minutes ago. Sysadmin just loves a good mystery. For added effect you can keep looking over his shoulder and ask what each wire is for.
  • Never write down error messages. Just click OK, or restart your computer. Sysadmin likes to guess what the error message was.
  • When talking about your computer, use terms like "Thingy" and "Big Connector."
  • If you get an EXE file in an email attachment, open it immediately. Sysadmin likes to make sure the anti-virus software is working properly.
  • When Sysadmin says he coming right over, log out and go for coffee. It's no problem for him to remember your password.
  • When you call Sysadmin to have your computer moved, be sure to leave it buried under a year-old pile of postcards, baby pictures, stuffed animals, dried flowers, unpaid bills, bowling trophies and Popsicle sticks. Sysadmin doesn't have a life, and he finds it deeply moving to catch a glimpse of yours.
  • When Sysadmin sends you an email marked as "Highly Important" or "Action Required", delete it at once. He's probably just testing some new-fangled email software.
  • When Sysadmin's eating lunch at his desk or in the lunchroom, walk right in, grab a few of his fries, then spill your guts and expect him to respond immediately. Sysadmin lives to serve, and he's always ready to think about fixing computers, especially yours.
  • When Sysadmin's at the water cooler or outside taking a breath of fresh air, find him and ask him a computer question. The only reason he takes breaks at all is to ferret out all those employees who don't have email or a telephone.
  • Send urgent email ALL IN UPPERCASE. The mail server picks it up and flags it as a rush delivery.
  • When the photocopier doesn't work, call Sysadmin. There's electronics in it, so it should be right up his alley.
  • When you're getting a NO DIAL TONE message at your home computer, call Sysadmin. He enjoys fixing telephone problems from remote locations. Especially on weekends.
  • When something goes wrong with your home PC, dump it on Sysadmin's chair the next morning with no name, no phone number, and no description of the problem. Sysadmin just loves a good mystery.
  • When you have Sysadmin on the phone walking you through changing a setting on your PC, read the newspaper. Sysadmin doesn't actually mean for you to DO anything. He just loves to hear himself talk.
  • When your company offers training on an upcoming OS upgrade, don't bother to sign up. Sysadmin will be there to hold your hand when the time comes.
  • When the printer won't print, re-send the job 20 times in rapid succession. That should do the trick.
  • When the printer still won't print after 20 tries, send the job to all the printers in the office. One of them is bound to work.
  • Don't use online help. Online help is for wimps.
  • Don't read the operator's manual. Manuals are for wussies.
  • If you're taking night classes in computer science, feel free to demonstrate your fledgling expertise by updating the network drivers for you and all your co-workers. Sysadmin will be grateful for the overtime when he has to stay until 2:30am fixing all of them.
  • When Sysadmin's fixing your computer at a quarter past one, eat your Whopper with cheese in his face. He functions better when he's slightly dizzy from hunger.
  • When Sysadmin asks you whether you've installed any new software on your computer, LIE. It's no one else's business what you've got on your computer.
  • If the mouse cable keeps knocking down the framed picture of your dog, lift the monitor and stuff the cable under it. Those skinny Mouse cables were designed to have 55 lbs. of computer monitor crushing them.
  • If the space bar on your keyboard doesn't work, blame Sysadmin for not upgrading it sooner. Hell, it's not your fault there's a half pound of pizza crust crumbs, nail clippings, and big sticky drops of Mountain Dew under the keys.
  • When you get the message saying "Are you sure?", click the "Yes" button as fast as you can. Hell, if you weren't sure, you wouldn't be doing it, would you?
  • Feel perfectly free to say things like "I don't know nothing about that boneheaded computer crap." It never bothers Sysadmin to hear his area of professional expertise referred to as boneheaded crap.
  • Don't even think of breaking large print jobs down into smaller chunks. God forbid somebody else should sneak a one-page job in between your 500-page Word document.
  • When you send that 500-page document to the printer, don't bother to check if the printer has enough paper. That's Sysadmin's job.
  • When Sysadmin calls you 30 minutes later and tells you that the printer prinsysadmin 24 pages of your 500-page document before it ran out of paper, and there are now nine other jobs in the queue behind yours, ask him why he didn't bother to add more paper.
  • When you receive a 130 MB movie file, send it to everyone as a high-priority mail attachment. Sysadmin's provided plenty of disk space and processor capacity on the new mail server for just those kinds of important things.
  • When you bump into Sysadmin in the grocery store on a Sunday afternoon, ask him computer questions. He works 24/7, and is always thinking about computers, even when he's at super-market buying toilet paper and doggie treats.
  • If your son is a student in computer science, have him come in on the weekends and do his projects on your office computer. Sysadmin will be there for you when your son's illegal copy of Visual Basic 6.0 makes the Access database keel over and die.
  • When you bring Sysadmin your own "no-name" brand PC to repair for free at the office, tell him how urgently he needs to fix it so you can get back to playing EverQuest. He'll get on it right away, because everyone knows he doesn't do anything all day except surf the Internet.
  • Don't ever thank Sysadmin. He loves fixing everything AND getting paid for it!

 

SYS Admin Profile

  • Make sure to save all your MP3 files on your network drive. No sense in wasting valuable space on your local drive! Plus, Sysadmin loves
    browsing through 100+ GB of music files while he backs up the servers.
  • Play with all the wires you can find. If you can't find enough, open something up to expose them. After you have finished, and nothing works anymore, put it all back together and call Sysadmin. Deny that you touched anything and that it was working perfectly only five minutes ago. Sysadmin just loves a good mystery. For added effect you can keep looking over his shoulder and ask what each wire is for.
  • Never write down error messages. Just click OK, or restart your computer. Sysadmin likes to guess what the error message was.
  • When talking about your computer, use terms like "Thingy" and "Big Connector."
  • If you get an EXE file in an email attachment, open it immediately. Sysadmin likes to make sure the anti-virus software is working properly.
  • When Sysadmin says he coming right over, log out and go for coffee. It's no problem for him to remember your password.
  • When you call Sysadmin to have your computer moved, be sure to leave it buried under a year-old pile of postcards, baby pictures, stuffed animals, dried flowers, unpaid bills, bowling trophies and Popsicle sticks. Sysadmin doesn't have a life, and he finds it deeply moving to catch a glimpse of yours.
  • When Sysadmin sends you an email marked as "Highly Important" or "Action Required", delete it at once. He's probably just testing some new-fangled email software.
  • When Sysadmin's eating lunch at his desk or in the lunchroom, walk right in, grab a few of his fries, then spill your guts and expect him to respond immediately. Sysadmin lives to serve, and he's always ready to think about fixing computers, especially yours.
  • When Sysadmin's at the water cooler or outside taking a breath of fresh air, find him and ask him a computer question. The only reason he takes breaks at all is to ferret out all those employees who don't have email or a telephone.
  • Send urgent email ALL IN UPPERCASE. The mail server picks it up and flags it as a rush delivery.
  • When the photocopier doesn't work, call Sysadmin. There's electronics in it, so it should be right up his alley.
  • When you're getting a NO DIAL TONE message at your home computer, call Sysadmin. He enjoys fixing telephone problems from remote locations. Especially on weekends.
  • When something goes wrong with your home PC, dump it on Sysadmin's chair the next morning with no name, no phone number, and no description of the problem. Sysadmin just loves a good mystery.
  • When you have Sysadmin on the phone walking you through changing a setting on your PC, read the newspaper. Sysadmin doesn't actually mean for you to DO anything. He just loves to hear himself talk.
  • When your company offers training on an upcoming OS upgrade, don't bother to sign up. Sysadmin will be there to hold your hand when the time comes.
  • When the printer won't print, re-send the job 20 times in rapid succession. That should do the trick.
  • When the printer still won't print after 20 tries, send the job to all the printers in the office. One of them is bound to work.
  • Don't use online help. Online help is for wimps.
  • Don't read the operator's manual. Manuals are for wussies.
  • If you're taking night classes in computer science, feel free to demonstrate your fledgling expertise by updating the network drivers for you and all your co-workers. Sysadmin will be grateful for the overtime when he has to stay until 2:30am fixing all of them.
  • When Sysadmin's fixing your computer at a quarter past one, eat your Whopper with cheese in his face. He functions better when he's slightly dizzy from hunger.
  • When Sysadmin asks you whether you've installed any new software on your computer, LIE. It's no one else's business what you've got on your computer.
  • If the mouse cable keeps knocking down the framed picture of your dog, lift the monitor and stuff the cable under it. Those skinny Mouse cables were designed to have 55 lbs. of computer monitor crushing them.
  • If the space bar on your keyboard doesn't work, blame Sysadmin for not upgrading it sooner. Hell, it's not your fault there's a half pound of pizza crust crumbs, nail clippings, and big sticky drops of Mountain Dew under the keys.
  • When you get the message saying "Are you sure?", click the "Yes" button as fast as you can. Hell, if you weren't sure, you wouldn't be doing it, would you?
  • Feel perfectly free to say things like "I don't know nothing about that boneheaded computer crap." It never bothers Sysadmin to hear his area of professional expertise referred to as boneheaded crap.
  • Don't even think of breaking large print jobs down into smaller chunks. God forbid somebody else should sneak a one-page job in between your 500-page Word document.
  • When you send that 500-page document to the printer, don't bother to check if the printer has enough paper. That's Sysadmin's job.
  • When Sysadmin calls you 30 minutes later and tells you that the printer prinsysadmin 24 pages of your 500-page document before it ran out of paper, and there are now nine other jobs in the queue behind yours, ask him why he didn't bother to add more paper.
  • When you receive a 130 MB movie file, send it to everyone as a high-priority mail attachment. Sysadmin's provided plenty of disk space and processor capacity on the new mail server for just those kinds of important things.
  • When you bump into Sysadmin in the grocery store on a Sunday afternoon, ask him computer questions. He works 24/7, and is always thinking about computers, even when he's at super-market buying toilet paper and doggie treats.
  • If your son is a student in computer science, have him come in on the weekends and do his projects on your office computer. Sysadmin will be there for you when your son's illegal copy of Visual Basic 6.0 makes the Access database keel over and die.
  • When you bring Sysadmin your own "no-name" brand PC to repair for free at the office, tell him how urgently he needs to fix it so you can get back to playing EverQuest. He'll get on it right away, because everyone knows he doesn't do anything all day except surf the Internet.
  • Don't ever thank Sysadmin. He loves fixing everything AND getting paid for it!

THE PERFECT DAY For HIM

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THE PERFECT DAY For HIM

THE PERFECT DAY For HIM

6:00 Alarm

6:15 Blow job

7:00 Breakfast: steak and eggs, coffee and toast all cooked by naked buxom wench

7:30 Limo arrives.

7:45 Several whiskeys en-route to airport

9:15 Flight in personal Lear jet

9:30 Limo to St. Andrew's golf club (blow job en-route)

9:45 Play front line (2 under)

11:45 Lunch: pie, French fries and gravy, 3 beers and a bottle of Dom Perignon

12:15 Blow job

12:30 Play back nine (4 under)

14:15 Limo back to airport (several whiskeys)

14:30 Fly to Monte Carlo

15:30 Late afternoon fishing excursion with all female crew (all nude)

16:30 Land world record Marlin (1234 lb) on light tackle

17:00 Fly home. Massage and hand job by Elle McPherson

17:45 Shit, shower and shave

19:00 Watch news: Michael Jackson assassinated; marijuana and porn legalized

19:45 Dinner: lobster appetizers, Dom Perignon (1953); big juicy fillet steak followed by ice cream served on a big pair of tits

21:00 Napoleon brandy and Cohiba cigar in front of wall-sized TV showing ESPN highlights for the day.

22:45 Sex with three women (all with lesbian tendencies)

23:30 Massage and Jacuzzi with tasty pizza snacks and a cleansing beer

00:15 Night cap blow job

00:30 In bed alone

 

THE PERFECT DAY For HER

THE PERFECT DAY For HER

8:15 Wake up to hugs and kisses

8:30 Weigh in 5 pounds lighter than yesterday

8:45 Breakfast in bed: freshly squeezed orange juice and croissants; open presents: expensive jewelry chosen by thoughtful partner

9:15 Soothing hot bath with fragrant oils

10:00 Light workout at club with handsome, funny personal trainer

10:30 Facial, manicure, shampoo, condition, blow dry

12:00 Lunch with best friend at fashionable outdoor café

12:45 Catch sight of husband's/boyfriend's ex and notice that she has gained 10 pounds

13:00 Shopping with friends. Unlimited credit

15:00 Nap

16:00 3 dozen red roses delivered by florist from a secret admirer

16:15 Light swim at club followed by massage from strong but gentle hunk who says that he rarely gets to work on such a perfect body

17:30 Choose outfit from expensive, designer wardrobe

19:30 Candlelit dinner for two followed by dancing, with compliments received from other diners/dancers

22:00 Hot shower (alone)

22:50 Carried to bed. Freshly ironed, crisp, new white linen

23:00 Pillow talk, light touching and cuddling

23:15 Fall asleep in his big, strong arms

 

THE PERFECT DAY For HER

THE PERFECT DAY For HER

8:15 Wake up to hugs and kisses

8:30 Weigh in 5 pounds lighter than yesterday

8:45 Breakfast in bed: freshly squeezed orange juice and croissants; open presents: expensive jewelry chosen by thoughtful partner

9:15 Soothing hot bath with fragrant oils

10:00 Light workout at club with handsome, funny personal trainer

10:30 Facial, manicure, shampoo, condition, blow dry

12:00 Lunch with best friend at fashionable outdoor café

12:45 Catch sight of husband's/boyfriend's ex and notice that she has gained 10 pounds

13:00 Shopping with friends. Unlimited credit

15:00 Nap

16:00 3 dozen red roses delivered by florist from a secret admirer

16:15 Light swim at club followed by massage from strong but gentle hunk who says that he rarely gets to work on such a perfect body

17:30 Choose outfit from expensive, designer wardrobe

19:30 Candlelit dinner for two followed by dancing, with compliments received from other diners/dancers

22:00 Hot shower (alone)

22:50 Carried to bed. Freshly ironed, crisp, new white linen

23:00 Pillow talk, light touching and cuddling

23:15 Fall asleep in his big, strong arms

 

Traveling Photo Exhibition “Traffic”

                                                                        Sofia, 30 June 2005

 

 

Traveling Photo Exhibition Traffic

 

Metroreklama and Photo Forum have organized jointly the first traveling photo exhibition in Sofia Underground

The subject matter of photos is Traffic in Urban Environment

 

 

June 2005, Sofia The first traveling photo exhibition was launched at Obelya Station at 18.30 h on 30 June 2005. The event was organized by Metroreklama, the leading advertising agency operating in Sofia Underground, in cooperation with photo-forum.net. During the period 20.03. - 20.05.2005 they held a photographic contest, entitled Traffic in Urban Environment

 

The exhibition was opened by Lyubliana Spasova, PR and Marketing Manager of Metroreklama and Boni Bonev, Director of PhotoForum. Awards, provided by Samsung Bulgaria, were presented by Iskra Cholakova a company representative. The winner Hristo Stankulov received Xizor digital camera НР 707. The second-ranked Martin Chichov - cooler- web-camera and the third-ranked – Antoaneta Eneva - anne - discs Samsung.

 

The best snapshots, included in the contest, 42 photos of various photographers, were displayed in one of the trains, which pulled up at Obelya Station for the above purpose. The metropanels, printed at Billboard Publishing House, are their gifts to forum participants.

 

The exhibition was honoured by over 200 representatives of the photographic guild, journalists and amateurs, who gathered at the underground station. Many ongoing passengers also joined the event.

 

The event wound up with a cocktail.

 

The train with the Traffic Exhibition will follow its regular route as of tomorrow. It is to be seen by over 80 000 permanent passengers. The capital’s inhabitants, wishing to take a ride in the underground, have the chance to visit the exhibition for a period of one month.

СЛАДЪК ХЛЯБ ОТ ХИЛЕНДАРСКИЯ МАНАСТИР

I ден – сместа се поставя в пластмасов съд и се разбърква с дървена лъжица

 

II, III, IV ден – не се пипа

 

V ден – към сместа се добавят 300 гр. захар, 300 гр. брашно, 300 мл. прясно мляко; не се бърка

 

VI ден – сместа се разбърква с дървена лъжица

 

VII, VIII, IX ден – не се пипа

 

X ден - към сместа се добавят 300 гр. захар, 300 гр. брашно, 300 мл. прясно мляко; разбърква се, разделя се на 4 части. Едната част опичаш, а другите 3 раздаваш.

 

Към твоята част добавяш:       200 гр. брашно

200 мл. олио

200 мл. прясно мляко

                                                   3 яйца

                                                   1 чаша стафиди

                                                   1 чаша орехи

 

Пече се на умерена фурна 30 минути.

СЛАДЪК ХЛЯБ ОТ ХИЛЕНДАРСКИЯ МАНАСТИР

I ден – сместа се поставя в пластмасов съд и се разбърква с дървена лъжица

 

II, III, IV ден – не се пипа

 

V ден – към сместа се добавят 300 гр. захар, 300 гр. брашно, 300 мл. прясно мляко; не се бърка

 

VI ден – сместа се разбърква с дървена лъжица

 

VII, VIII, IX ден – не се пипа

 

X ден - към сместа се добавят 300 гр. захар, 300 гр. брашно, 300 мл. прясно мляко; разбърква се, разделя се на 4 части. Едната част опичаш, а другите 3 раздаваш.

 

Към твоята част добавяш:       200 гр. брашно

200 мл. олио

200 мл. прясно мляко

                                                   3 яйца

                                                   1 чаша стафиди

                                                   1 чаша орехи

 

Пече се на умерена фурна 30 минути.

Samotata - Slovo Kurt Vonegut

Ladies and gentlemen, of the class of '99.

Wear Sunscreen.
If I could offer you only one tip for the future, sunscreen would be it.
The long-term benefits of sunscreen have been proved by scientists, whereas the rest of my advice has no basis more reliable than my own meandering experience.
I will dispense this advice now.

Enjoy the power and beauty of your youth.
Oh, never mind.
You will not understand the power and beauty of your youth until they've faded.
But trust me, in 20 years, you'll look back at photos of yourself and recall in a way you can't grasp now how much possibility lay before you and how fabulous you really looked.
You are not as fat as you imagine.

Don't worry about the future.
Or worry, but know that worrying is as effective as trying to solve an algebra equation by chewing bubble gum.
The real troubles in your life are apt to be things that never crossed your worried mind.
The kind that blindside you at 4 p.m. on some idle Tuesday.

Do one thing every day that scares you.

Sing.

Don't be reckless with other people's hearts.
Don't put up with people who are reckless with yours.

Floss.

Don't waste your time on jealousy.
Sometimes you're ahead, sometimes you're behind.
The race is long and, in the end, it's only with yourself.

Remember compliments you receive.
Forget the insults.
If you succeed in doing this, tell me how.

Keep your old love letters.
Throw away your old bank statements.

Stretch.

Don't feel guilty if you don't know what you want to do with your life.
The most interesting people I know didn't know at 22 what they wanted to do with their lives.
Some of the most interesting 40-year-olds I know still don't.

Get plenty of calcium.
Be kind to your knees.
You'll miss them when they're gone.

Maybe you'll marry, maybe you won't.
Maybe you'll have children, maybe you won't.
Maybe you'll divorce at 40, maybe you'll dance the funky chicken on your 75th wedding anniversary.
Whatever you do, don't congratulate yourself too much, or berate yourself either.
Your choices are half chance.
So are everybody else's.

Enjoy your body.
Use it every way you can.
Don't be afraid of it or of what other people think of it.
It's the greatest instrument you'll ever own.

Dance, even if you have nowhere to do it but your living room.

Read the directions, even if you don't follow them.

Do not read beauty magazines.
They will only make you feel ugly.

Get to know your parents.
You never know when they'll be gone for good.
Be nice to your siblings.
They're your best link to your past and the people most likely to stick with you in the future.

Understand that friends come and go, but with a precious few you should hold on.
Work hard to bridge the gaps in geography and lifestyle, because the older you get, the more you need the people who knew you when you were young.

Live in New York City once, but leave before it makes you hard.
Live in Northern California once, but leave before it makes you soft.
Travel.

Accept certain inalienable truths:
Prices will rise.
Politicians will philander.
You, too, will get old.
And when you do, you'll fantasize that when you were young, prices were reasonable, politicians were noble and children respected their elders.

Respect your elders.

Don't expect anyone else to support you.
Maybe you have a trust fund.
Maybe you'll have a wealthy spouse.
But you never know when either one might run out.

Don't mess too much with your hair or by the time you're 40 it will look 85.

Be careful whose advice you buy, but be patient with those who supply it.
Advice is a form of nostalgia.
Dispensing it is a way of fishing the past from the disposal, wiping it off, painting over the ugly parts and recycling it for more than it's worth.

But trust me on the sunscreen.

Samotata - Slovo Kurt Vonegut

Ladies and gentlemen, of the class of '99.

Wear Sunscreen.
If I could offer you only one
tip for the future, sunscreen would be it.
The long-term benefits of sunscreen have been proved by scientists, whereas the rest of my advice has no basis more reliable than my own meandering experience.
I will dispense this advice now.

Enjoy the power and beauty of your youth.
Oh, never mind.
You will not understand the power and beauty of your youth until they've faded.
But trust me, in 20 years, you'll look back at photos of yourself and recall in a way you can't grasp now how much possibility lay before you and how fabulous you really looked.
You are not as fat as you imagine.

Don't worry about the future.
Or worry, but know that worrying is as effective as trying to solve an algebra equation by chewing bubble gum.
The real troubles in your life are apt to be things that never crossed your worried mind.
The kind that blindside you at 4 p.m. on some idle Tuesday.

Do one thing every day that scares you.

Sing.

Don't be reckless with other people's hearts.
Don't put up with people who are reckless with yours.

Floss.

Don't waste your time on jealousy.
Sometimes you're ahead, sometimes you're behind.
The race is long and, in the end, it's only with yourself.

Remember compliments you receive.
Forget the insults.
If you succeed in doing this, tell me how.

Keep your old love letters.
Throw away your old bank statements.

Stretch.

Don't feel guilty if you don't know what you want to do with your life.
The most interesting people I know didn't know at 22 what they wanted to do with their lives.
Some of the most interesting 40-year-olds I know still don't.

Get plenty of calcium.
Be kind to your knees.
You'll miss them when they're gone.

Maybe you'll marry, maybe you won't.
Maybe you'll have children, maybe you won't.
Maybe you'll divorce at 40, maybe you'll dance the funky chicken on your 75th wedding anniversary.
Whatever you do, don't congratulate yourself too much, or berate yourself either.
Your choices are half chance.
So are everybody else's.

Enjoy your body.
Use it every way you can.
Don't be afraid of it or of what other people think of it.
It's the greatest instrument you'll ever own.

Dance, even if you have nowhere to do it but your living room.

Read the directions, even if you don't follow them.

Do not read beauty magazines.
They will only make you feel ugly.

Get to know your parents.
You never know when they'll be gone for good.
Be nice to your siblings.
They're your best link to your past and the people most likely to stick with you in the future.

Understand that friends come and go, but with a precious few you should hold on.
Work hard to bridge the gaps in geography and lifestyle, because the older you get, the more you need the people who knew you when you were young.

Live in New York City once, but leave before it makes you hard.
Live in Northern California once, but leave before it makes you soft.
Travel.

Accept certain inalienable truths:
Prices will rise.
Politicians will philander.
You, too, will get old.
And when you do, you'll fantasize that when you were young, prices were reasonable, politicians were noble and children respected their elders.

Respect your elders.

Don't expect anyone else to support you.
Maybe you have a trust fund.
Maybe you'll have a wealthy spouse.
But you never know when either one might run out.

Don't mess too much with your hair or by the time you're 40 it will look 85.

Be careful whose advice you buy, but be patient with those who supply it.
Advice is a form of nostalgia.
Dispensing it is a way of fishing the past from the disposal, wiping it off, painting over the ugly parts and recycling it for more than it's worth.

But trust me on the sunscreen.

Volga Bulgaria

Volga Bulgaria of the Pre-Mongolian period is known as the country of cities. Most Bulgarian cities date back to the Pre-Mongolian period (early Xth century). Bulgar – the "Great City", as described in the Russian annals, stood out among them with its huge territory (approximately 800 hectares). It is the pre-Mongolian capital of the country, located on the site of the Bilär sire, which was entirely burnt during the XIIIth century and never restored.

 

According to the latest archeological research, the city consisted of four parts. It was divided by the concentric ground banks and fortified walls into internal and external city. The citadel was set up in the centre of the internal city, whereas the outskirts of the vast suburb stretched beyond the external fortifications.

Within the internal city the archeologists discovered remains of a large complex (occupying an area of around 2500 sq.m), comprising two halls of the court mosque and a brick two-storey residential building, connected thereto, with a complex underfloor heating system.

The necropolis of the Bulgarian gentry was located nearby.  The following remains were discovered – clay houses of the builders and a number of pits with traces of wooden structures from cellars and storehouses, around 20 wells, etc. One more brick building, provisionally called the Bath, was explored.  It was within range of the citadel, whose northwestern part used to accommodate the court complex.

Volga Bulgaria

Volga Bulgaria of the Pre-Mongolian period is known as the country of cities. Most Bulgarian cities date back to the Pre-Mongolian period (early Xth century). Bulgar – the "Great City", as described in the Russian annals, stood out among them with its huge territory (approximately 800 hectares). It is the pre-Mongolian capital of the country, located on the site of the Bilär sire, which was entirely burnt during the XIIIth century and never restored.

 

According to the latest archeological research, the city consisted of four parts. It was divided by the concentric ground banks and fortified walls into internal and external city. The citadel was set up in the centre of the internal city, whereas the outskirts of the vast suburb stretched beyond the external fortifications.

Within the internal city the archeologists discovered remains of a large complex (occupying an area of around 2500 sq.m), comprising two halls of the court mosque and a brick two-storey residential building, connected thereto, with a complex underfloor heating system.

The necropolis of the Bulgarian gentry was located nearby.  The following remains were discovered – clay houses of the builders and a number of pits with traces of wooden structures from cellars and storehouses, around 20 wells, etc. One more brick building, provisionally called the Bath, was explored.  It was within range of the citadel, whose northwestern part used to accommodate the court complex.